History I / Economic Anthropology and Reciprocity
Practice question · True or false

Ethnographic evidence shows that most pre-modern economies were organized around barter between strangers.

Hints
  1. Ask what the field evidence actually shows about early exchange.
  2. Obligation and redistribution appear where the textbook expects barter.
Show the answer

False

Why

The barter origin story survives in textbooks, not in ethnography. Field evidence shows gift, obligation, and redistribution doing the work; barter appears mainly at the edges between communities. Polanyi’s point exactly.

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