Physics I / Green's Theorem
Practice question · Multiple choice

A surveyor drives a GPS-equipped car once around a lake and computes the lake’s area without ever crossing the water. Which theorem makes this possible?

Hints
  1. Green’s theorem converts C\oint_C around a region into R\iint_R over it. Read it right-to-left.
  2. Choose the field cleverly (e.g. 12(ydx+xdy)\frac{1}{2}(-y\,dx + x\,dy)) and the double integral becomes 1dA\iint 1\,dA, pure area.
Show the answer

A. Green's theorem: a boundary integral gives the enclosed area

Why

With the right integrand, the boundary tour computes exactly the enclosed area: A=12(xdyydx)A = \frac{1}{2}\oint(x\,dy - y\,dx). Mechanical planimeters, instruments that measure any drawn region by tracing its edge, are Green’s theorem built in brass.

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