An egg thrown at a wall breaks; the same egg thrown just as fast into a sagging bedsheet survives. The egg’s change in momentum is the same in both cases. What saves the egg?

C. The sheet stretches the stop over a longer time

The impulse $F\Delta t$ must equal the fixed $\Delta p$, so stretching the stopping time shrinks the peak force below what cracks the shell. Airbags, crumple zones and bent knees on landing all exploit the same trade.