Complete the account of local government.

Spain has roughly 8,100 municipalities, of which more than four fifths have fewer than 5,000 inhabitants. The provincial councils are composed indirectly and exist largely to support small municipalities. Services taken on outside a municipality's formal competences are known as impropias. The 2013 reform tried to tie competences to demonstrated financial capacity.

The impropias in the third blank are the standing problem of Spanish local government. Municipalities provide them because residents need them and nobody else does, and the 2013 attempt to stop it was contested, partly limited by the Constitutional Court, and did not resolve the underlying tension.