Practice question · Match the pairs
Match each pairing to the distinction it illustrates.
- The state's territorial representative against the community's own government
- Ministry against independent regulator
- Women's share of the workforce against their share of senior posts
- Women in education and health against men in infrastructure
- Vertical segregation
- Deconcentration against decentralisation
- Horizontal segregation
- Direct ministerial control against insulated decision
Hints
- The first two concern where authority sits; the last two concern who holds it.
- Segregation by level is vertical; segregation by sector is horizontal.
Show the answer
- The state's territorial representative against the community's own government → Deconcentration against decentralisation
- Ministry against independent regulator → Direct ministerial control against insulated decision
- Women's share of the workforce against their share of senior posts → Vertical segregation
- Women in education and health against men in infrastructure → Horizontal segregation
Why
The last two are separate phenomena that require separate measurement. An administration can improve on one while the other is unchanged, and reporting a single headline figure for "women in the public sector" conceals both.
Practise Peripheral and Functional Administration
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