Political Science I / The Welfare State: Rise, Crisis, Typologies
Practice question · Multiple choice

Bismarck introduced social insurance before Germany was fully democratic, explicitly to undercut the socialist movement. Why does that matter for Marshall's sequence?

Hints
  1. Marshall's order is civil, then political, then social.
  2. Germany got the third before the second.
Show the answer

C. It reverses his order, with social rights arriving before political ones

Why

Because it reverses the order. Marshall described Britain, and his sequence was read for decades as a general path; Germany got social rights before political ones, from a chancellor whose aim was to weaken the left. A sequence that inverts in the country that inspired most continental systems is a description, not a law.

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