Arrange the steps of Lemert’s route from primary to secondary deviance.

1. A person breaks a rule without any consequence for how they see themselves
2. The rule-breaking is noticed and a label is publicly applied
3. The label becomes the trait through which others interpret everything the person does
4. Conventional roles and opportunities close off
5. The person reorganises life and identity around the label

The chain is what makes labelling more than a claim about vocabulary. Each step narrows the alternatives available, so that by the end the label describes something true, which is precisely what makes it look like a discovery rather than a production. Lemert’s claim is that the sequence, not the original act, is what generates a deviant career.