History II / The Age of Revolutions II: 1848, Nationalism and Liberalism
Practice question · Multiple choice

Nineteenth-century nationalism defined the nation as the sole source of political legitimacy. How does this principle directly challenge the order established by the Congress of Vienna?

Hints
  1. On what authority did Metternich and the restored monarchies base their right to rule?
  2. Does defining the source of legitimacy automatically dictate the specific form of government or franchise chosen?
Show the answer

A. It rejects dynastic sovereignty in favour of collective self-determination

Why

Metternich's order rested on dynastic legitimacy and imperial balance rather than popular sovereignty. Equating national self-determination with republicanism or universal democracy confuses distinct nineteenth-century currents that frequently clashed.

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