Arrange these fourteenth- and fifteenth-century crises in order.

1. The Great Famine strikes northern Europe
2. The Hundred Years War begins
3. Plague reaches Sicily from the Black Sea
4. The Ciompi rise in Florence
5. The Western Schism divides obedience between rival popes
6. The English peasants’ rising
7. Constantinople falls to the Ottomans

Compressed into one sequence, the density is the argument for calling the period a crisis: famine, plague, a war lasting more than a century, three revolts in four years, and a divided papacy, all inside seventy years, and all falling on the same generation.