History II / What "Contemporary History" Is
Practice question · Put in order

Arrange these developments in the writing of history, earliest first.

Hints
  1. The sequence runs from states, to societies, to classes, to language, to the world.
  2. Annales 1929; the cultural turn in the 1980s; global history from the 1990s.
Show the answer
  1. Ranke-style political history built on state archives
  2. Bloch and Febvre found the Annales
  3. Marxist social history places class relations at the centre
  4. The cultural turn treats language as an object of study
  5. Global history challenges the explanatory priority of Europe
Why

Each step is partly a reaction to the last. Annales rejected the primacy of diplomacy and event; Marxist history rejected Annales’ relative quiet about conflict; the cultural turn rejected the assumption that social categories are given rather than made; global history rejects all of them for treating Europe as the default case.

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