Match each periodisation to the claim it makes.

• Contemporary history from 1789 → The Revolution begins the present order
• The long nineteenth century, 1789–1914 → Bourgeois Europe forms one coherent epoch
• The short twentieth century, 1914–1991 → The world wars and 1989–91 are the real hinges
• The Sattelzeit, 1750–1850 → The decisive break is conceptual rather than political

Set side by side, the schemes disagree about what kind of thing a historical break is. Two are political, one is socio-economic, and Koselleck’s is conceptual, which is why his period straddles the Revolution instead of starting at it, and why his evidence is dictionaries and pamphlets rather than treaties.