Sociology I / Sociology Becomes a Profession
Practice question · Fill in the blanks

Complete the account of Parsons’s and Merton’s versions of functionalism.

Parsons argued that every system must solve four functional problems: adaptation, ______, integration and pattern maintenance. Merton resisted such generality and argued for theories of the ______ range, and distinguished the intended and recognised, or ______, functions of an institution from its unintended and unrecognised, or ______, ones.

Word bank: goal attainment · middle · manifest · latent · differentiation · residual

Hints
  1. The scheme’s four letters stand for adaptation, goal attainment, integration and latency.
  2. A rain dance that fails to bring rain may still hold a group together, and Merton has a word for that second effect.
Show the answer

Parsons argued that every system must solve four functional problems: adaptation, goal attainment, integration and pattern maintenance. Merton resisted such generality and argued for theories of the middle range, and distinguished the intended and recognised, or manifest, functions of an institution from its unintended and unrecognised, or latent, ones.

Why

The latent function is the tool that outlived the theory. It licenses the sociologist to ask what an institution actually does as against what it says it does, without accusing anyone of hypocrisy, which is why it is still used by researchers who would not describe themselves as functionalists at all.

Read the lesson: Sociology Becomes a Profession →

Practise Sociology Becomes a Profession

The app has 5 more questions on this lesson, and keeps your place in the course. Sociology I is free to start.

More questions on Sociology Becomes a Profession