Match each scanning route to what characterises it.

• Drum scanner → Photomultiplier tubes, the longest density range, wet mounting
• Dedicated film scanner → A fixed carrier and optics designed for one format only
• Flatbed with a transparency unit → Any format up to the platen size, at lower effective resolution
• Camera scanning on a copy stand → A digital camera and macro lens photographing the negative on a light panel

Camera scanning is the newest and now the most common: a modern sensor out-resolves most consumer film scanners, and the whole frame is captured in one exposure rather than swept line by line. Its weakness is flatness of the film and evenness of the light, which is exactly what a scanner's carrier was for.