Practice question · Put in order
Arrange the stages by which the papacy’s claims developed, earliest first.
- Western legates and the eastern patriarch excommunicate each other
- Rome claims jurisdiction over other patriarchates, which the East rejects
- Rome holds a primacy of honour within the pentarchy
- Leo I argues that Peter’s authority passes to the bishop of Rome
- Gregory the Great takes over the civil governance of Rome itself
Hints
- The sequence runs from precedence to argument to practical power to a claim of command.
- The excommunications come at the end, as a consequence of the claim.
Show the answer
- Rome holds a primacy of honour within the pentarchy
- Leo I argues that Peter’s authority passes to the bishop of Rome
- Gregory the Great takes over the civil governance of Rome itself
- Rome claims jurisdiction over other patriarchates, which the East rejects
- Western legates and the eastern patriarch excommunicate each other
Why
Each step is a small enlargement of the previous one, which is why the East kept conceding the earlier ones and refusing the later. Precedence in a list is harmless; a doctrine of Petrine succession is arguable; a claim to overrule another patriarch is a different constitution for the church, and that is what was refused.
Practise Christianity, the Church and Spirituality, East and West
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